The vertical rise velocity (Vr) and maximum altitude (Hm) of equatorial plasma bubbles
(EPBs) were estimated using the two‐dimensional fan sector maps of 47 MHz Equatorial
Atmosphere Radar (EAR), Kototabang, during May 2010 to April 2013. A total of 86 EPBs
were observed out of which 68 were postsunset EPBs and remaining 18 EPBs were
observed around midnight hours. The vertical rise velocities of the EPBs observed around
the midnight hours are significantly smaller (~ 26–128 m/s) compared to those observed in …

Equatorial plasma bubble (EPB) is a well-known phenomenon in the equatorial ionospheric
F region. As it causes severe scintillation in the amplitude and phase of radio signals, it is
important to understand and forecast the occurrence of EPBs from a space weather point of
view. The development of EPBs is presently believed as an evolution of the generalized
Rayleigh-Taylor instability. We have already developed a 3D high-resolution bubble (HIRB)
model with a grid spacing of as small as 1 km and presented nonlinear growth of EPBs …